A highquality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome reveals the largest gene set of any vertebrate and provides information on key genomic features, and comparison to. Vitellogenin vtg is known to be a femalespecific protein and a. Venema points out, is produced by a gene called vitellogenin. In the female liver, the top four transcripts were all vitellogenin genes, including vtg1, vtg4, vtg5 and vtg2. Revealing genes associated with vitellogenesis in the liver of the. Immunohistochemical staining for vitellogenin in the liver of a male zebrafish exposed to 1 nm e2 right, as well as a control male not exposed, left. This study describes the development of quantitative polymerase chain reaction qpcr assays to characterize the expression of two vitellogenin vtg genes in the invasive round goby neogobius melanostomus. Detection of vitellogenin incorporation into zebrafish. Our series, animals in research, profiles the top organisms used for science experimentation. The vtg gene and protein were induced by ee2 exposure in liver, skin and eye tissues of male zebrafish in dose and timedependent patterns. Additionally, similar evolutionary patterns were observed in the vtg genes from other invertebrate and vertebrate organisms, suggesting that duplication, concerted evolution and purifying selection may be the major evolutionary forces driving vtg gene evolution across highly divergent taxa. Vitellogenin drosophila lifespan or fecundity version 1.
Vitellogenin is the precursor of the lipoproteins and phosphoproteins that make up most of the protein content of yolk. Read a zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin gene, gene on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Vitellogenin as a biomarker for xenobiotic estrogens in an. Characteristics of fish yolk proteins and a method for. Vitellogenin is the precursor molecule for egg yolk, which is the source of metabolic energy for the developing embryo. Vitellogenin definition of vitellogenin by medical. The zebrafish, danio rerio, has emerged as a major model organism for biomedical research, yet little is known about its natural history.
Caenorhabditis elegans vitellogenins are encoded by a family of six genes, one of which,vit5, has been previously sequenced and shown to be surprisingly closely related to the vertebrate vitellogenin genes. Oecd test guideline 229 fish shortterm reproduction assay oecd test guideline 230 21day fish assay oecd test guideline 234 fish sexual development test the biosense vitellogenin elisa kits have been developed for the standard fish test species recommended by oecd, and are used in many ecotoxicology laboratories throughout the world. May 15, 20 read characterization and expression profile of vitellogenin gene from scylla paramamosain, gene on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Vitellogenin assay by enzymelinked immunosorbant assay as. The zebrafish gene collection zgc is an nih initiative that supports the production of cdna libraries, clones and sequences to provide a complete set of fulllength open reading frame sequences and cdna clones of expressed genes for zebrafish. We also report our own field study to document several aspects of zebrafish natural history across sites in northeast india. Specific primers were designed to amplify ash vg gene by polymerase chain reaction pcr and the obtained dna sequence was 7329 bp long, including 6 exons and 5 introns with an open reading frame encoding a 1774 amino acids peptide. Revealing genes associated with vitellogenesis in the liver. The use of vg gene expression in male fish can be used as a molecular marker of exposure to estrogenic endocrine disrupting. A zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive. The yolk protein precursor vitellogenin vtg has proved to be a simple and sensitive biomarker for assessing exposure of fish to edcs, especially the estrogenic compounds. Therefore, we suggest that zebrafish skin and eye tissues may be alternatives to plasma and liver tissues for vtg. Large volumes of lymph can be collected from the eyesacs of bubbleeye goldfish. Red zebra danio glofishglow in the dark product view.
After fitclabeled vtg was prepared, it was injected into mature. Read characterization and expression profile of vitellogenin gene from scylla paramamosain, gene on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. When designing an experiment using vitellogenin, investigators must decide whether to deploy fish in the field or expose fish in the lab, how many fish to expose, and how long to expose the fish. The loss of vtgencoding genes in placental mammals is consistent with the gain. Youll need a nursery to raise your fry to adulthood.
A zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin gene author links open overlay panel hai wang tie yan jacqueline t. Pdf our understanding of the functions of vitellogenin vtg in reproduction has. Meanwhile, bioassays with zebrafish, an established model organism in different research areas, are increasingly being utilized in eda. Pdf functions of vitellogenin in eggs researchgate. Vitellogenesis and choriogenesis in fishes springerlink. Bioassays play a central role in effectdirected analysis eda, and their selection and application have to consider rather specific aspects of this approach. Loss of egg yolk genes in mammals and the origin of. Vitellogenin is frequently used as a biomarker of exposure to environmental estrogens. Teco multispecies vitellogenin elisa kit can be used to assay vitellogenin in the serum, whole body homogenate and mucus of numerous marine and freshwater fish species. Cg31150 resembles other vg family genes in having an nterminal vitellogenin n domain, duf1943. Characterization and expression profile of vitellogenin. The results showed that the amount of vtg produced in plasma of exposed fish increased in logarithmic order comparing to the control group and the elisa described here could be used as an indicator of water pollution to estrogenic pollutants. The vitellogenin gene family is constituted of variable gene numbers encoding for polypeptides that are precursors of yolk proteins and derivatives in oviparous and.
Vitellogenin is a protein occurring naturally in the serum of adult female nonmammalian vertebrates during egg production. Sensitivity of the vitellogenin assay to diagnose exposure of. Cg31150 resembles other vg family genes in having an n. It was developed by biomedical researchers in the early 1980s to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific dna sequences on chromosomes.
Introduction vitellogenin or vtg or vgtaken from latinvitelluswhich means yolk and gener means to produce is anidentical term for the gene and the uttered protein. The value of zebrafish as an integrative model in effect. Vitellogenin vg is an egg yolk precursor protein expressed solely in female fish and is dormant in male fish, but in the presence of estrogenic edcs, male fish can express the vg gene but in a dose dependent manner. Vitellogenic definition of vitellogenic by the free. In studies of sex discrimination in fish in the early 1900s, a specific antigen in the blood of gravid females was identified using immunological methods. Variable gene expression in zebrafish by karlsruhe institute of technology the zebrafish is used as a model organism for research into the embryonic development of vertebrates. Guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio rerio 3rd edition university of oregon press. Wikigenes vtg1 vitellogenin 1 collaborative publishing. A zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin gene. Molecular cloning of vitellogenin gene and mrna expression by 17aethinylestradiol from slender. At present, this specific antigen is known as vitellogenin, the major precursor of egg yolk protein that is synthesized in the female liver and is secreted into the blood to be incorporated into the egg. The transcription of the femalespecific vitellogenin was significantly induced in testes. Vitellogenin gene expression 3 tion process, as well as to study some aspects of the utilization of mrna for vitellogenin. Differential gene expression analysis in fish exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds.
Vtg belongs to a family of some lipid transport proteins. The vitellogenin gene was chosen because its expression is unlikely to have a phenotypic effect until the adult stage in bees. After fitclabeled vtg was prepared, it was injected into mature female zebrafish. Vitellogenesis the synthesis and storage of yolk in the developing female sexual cells of animals oocytes during oogenesis. Apr 28, 2014 variable gene expression in zebrafish by karlsruhe institute of technology the zebrafish is used as a model organism for research into the embryonic development of vertebrates. Shortterm treatment of adult male zebrafish danio rerio with 17. They must also choose between using the vitellogenin gene or the protein. All resources generated by the zgc are publicly accessible to the biomedical research community. In zebrafish, seven vtg genes were previously identified 25 but. Loss of egg yolk genes in mammals and the origin of lactation. Red zebra danio glofishglow in the dark fwf danios zebra red fish size. Vitellogenin assay by enzymelinked immunosorbant assay as a. Vitellogenin is present in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in a perinuclear area reminiscent of rergolgi arrows. Vitellogenin is the precursor of two yolk proteins.
This study aims to identify hepatic genes involved in vitellogenesis and regulated by e2, by using zebrafish microarray gene expression profiling, and to provide information on functional distinctive genes expressed in the liver of a vitellogenic female, using zebrafish as a model fish. Proteomics analysis of early developmental stages of zebrafish. By adding a natural fluorescence gene to the fish, scientists are able to quickly and easily determine when our waterways are contaminated. Larvae are placed into tanks with little to no water exchange to start, and increasing water flow as the fish improve their ability to hunt and swim. Fluorescent zebra fish were specially bred to help detect environmental pollutants. Sensitivity of the vitellogenin assay to diagnose exposure. The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship. Vitellogenin is an acute phase protein with bacterialbinding and. This study mainly shows the dna sequence and expression analysis of vitellogenin in actias selene ash vg. In oviparous vertebrates, including fish, vitellogenesis consists of highly regulated pathways involving 17. Work is ongoing to develop screening and testing programmes for endocrine disrupting effects of new chemicals, and in the focus of this development are the fish test species. Aug 15, 2005 read hepatic and extrahepatic expression of vitellogenin genes in the zebrafish, danio rerio, gene on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. An international group of researchers led by dr dalial freitak from the university of helsinki, finland has found that a bee blood protein called vitellogenin plays a critical role in. Previous studies focused on a relatively small number of hepatic expressed genes during vitellogenesis.
Hepatic and extrahepatic expression of vitellogenin genes. And recently some researchers decided to find out if humans carry the pseudogene for vitellogenin. The transcription of the different zebrafish genes was analyzed by. Revealing genes associated with vitellogenesis in the. We attempted to induce vitellogenin vtg in the eyesac lymph of bubbleeye goldfish and develop a method for visualizing vtg incorporation by zebrafish oocytes using fitclabeling. Stromqvist m, tooke n, brunstrom b 2010 dna methylation levels in the 5flanking region of the vitellogenin i gene in liver and brain of adult zebrafish danio reriosex and tissue differences and effects of 17aethinylestradiol exposure.
Zebrafish as a model for studying ovarian development. Vg gene expression in male fish can be used as a molecular marker of exposure to estrogenic edcs. In the presence of estrogenic endocrine disruptive chemicals edcs, male fish can express the vg gene in a dose dependent manner. Fish display relatively high variability in vitellogenin features compared with other vertebrates and even within salmonids, molecular weight may range from 342 to 600 kda mommsen and walsh 1988. Lucey university of massachusetts amherst follow this and additional works at. Characterization and expression profile of vitellogenin gene. Differential immune response of vitellogenin gene to vibrio anguillarum in noble scallop chlamys nobilis and its correlation with total carotenoid content.
Males have slimmer bodies with a slightly red hue, while females have bigger, silver bellies full of eggs. The coding sequence for this gene is the most similar among all drosophila genes to vgencoding genes in honey bee 37% similarity, c. Transcriptomic analyses of sexual dimorphism of the zebrafish. Periodic mating keeps eggs healthy, but making all those eggs takes a lot of work, so individual females should only be mated once per week. The liver synthesizes and secretes vitellogenin, which is carried in the bloodstream to the oocytes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization fish is a molecular cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes that bind to only those parts of a nucleic acid sequence with a high degree of sequence complementarity.
Vitellogenesis article about vitellogenesis by the free. Vitellogenesis starts in the relatively late stages of oogenesis, toward the end of which the size of the. Estrogen efficiently induced vtg in the eyesac lymph of goldfish. Apr 17, 20 a highquality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome reveals the largest gene set of any vertebrate and provides information on key genomic features, and comparison to the human reference. Vitellogenin acts as the carrier molecule for materials for the developing egg. Direct induction of vitellogenin synthesis in tissue culture for a long time, all attempts to elicit in vitro the full physiological response of a normal adult tissue. They found that while monotremes still have one functional vitellogenin gene, in placental. A growing concern over endocrine disruption in aquatic species has prompted the development of molecular assays to monitor environmental impacts. Zebrafish are probably not the first creatures that come. They found that while monotremes still have one functional vitellogenin gene, in. Identification and expression analysis of vitellogenin. Vitellogenin as a biomarker for xenobiotic estrogens in an amphibian model system. These vitellogenin est clones have been derived from at least seven distinct vitellogenin genes. Tan jt, gong z 2000 a zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain.
Distribution of vitellogenin in zebrafish danio rerio tissues for biomarker analysis. The decrease of estradiol concentration in different fish has. Pdf abstract little is known about how hepatic vitellogenin gene vtg expression relates to. Suitable for use with japanese rice fish, rainbow fish and up to 90% of marine fish species including atlantic cod, common dab, european plaice, and european flounder. Gene 2000 vitellogenin expression in zebrafish danio rerio. Characteristics of fish yolk proteins and a method for inducing vitellogenin sean m. Zebrafish undergo sexual reproduction, so breeding requires both male and female fish.
Vitellogenin receptor and neuropeptide receptors involved in reproduction of the red imported fire ant solenopsis invicta buren a dissertation. Pdf temporal dynamics of oocyte growth and vitellogenin gene. Vitellogenin is normally secreted into the hemolymph of reproductive females before transport into. Duplication, concerted evolution and purifying selection. Vitellogenin motifs conserved in nematodes and vertebrates. Mar 27, 2007 the zebrafish, danio rerio, has emerged as a major model organism for biomedical research, yet little is known about its natural history. Mar 19, 2008 loss of egg yolk genes in mammals and the origin of lactation and placentation date.
Read hepatic and extrahepatic expression of vitellogenin genes in the zebrafish, danio rerio, gene on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Disruption of vitellogenin gene function in adult honeybees. Here we report an alignment of the amino acid sequences of vitellogenins from frog and chicken with those from threec. Hepatic and extrahepatic expression of vitellogenin genes in.
Sex differences in the zebrafish transcriptome have been studied. Due to the high expression levels of vtg and the ease of taking samples, skin and eye tissues were chosen to evaluate the effects of varying doses and exposure times of ee2 on male zebrafish. The vitellogenin protein is produced by the adult insect fat body, which in honeybees consists of thin layers of cells spread against the body wall of the abdomen. Jan 20, 2003 the vitellogenin gene was chosen because its expression is unlikely to have a phenotypic effect until the adult stage in bees.
Follicle growthvitellogenesis, vtgs, decreased hatching rate and survival. Here the authors report that zebrafish embryos without maternally provided vg1 fail to form endoderm and head and trunk mesoderm, and closely resemble nodal lossoffunction mutants. Distribution of vitellogenin in zebrafish danio rerio. This study aims to identify hepatic genes involved in vitellogenesis and regulated by e2, by using zebrafish microarray gene expression profiling, and to. Zebrafish danio rerio, a small teleost fish belonging to the family cyprinidae, is widely used as a model organism in developmental biology and endocrinology. Vitellogenin definition of vitellogenin by medical dictionary. After 7 dpf, the young fish, or fry, are fully mobile and looking for food. Vitellogenic definition of vitellogenic by the free dictionary. Characterization of vitellogenin gene expression in round. Loss of egg yolk genes in mammals and the origin of lactation and placentation date. The loss of vtg encoding genes in placental mammals is consistent with the gain. Queen bees naturally vaccinate their offspring biology. May 08, 20 our series, animals in research, profiles the top organisms used for science experimentation. Apr 26, 2012 wang h, yan t, tan jt, gong z 2000 a zebrafish vitellogenin gene vg3 encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin gene.
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